Photon Emission
نویسنده
چکیده
Heavy quark physics is one of the frontier areas in studies of the fundamental properties of matter. That is why a new generation of ee colliders (B-factories) has been designed. The CLEO-III , BELLE , and BABAR 3 experiments are running since 1999. Their main goal is the precise investigation of the CabibboKobayashi-Maskawa matrix and, first of all, CP-violation in the b-quark sector. To achieve this goal, most of the time will be spent on running at the energy of the Υ(4S) resonance. At the same time there are physical tasks 4 related with the spectroscopy of quarkonium systems which require scanning the energy region of Υ(1S), Υ(2S), Υ(3S). Such experiments were performed at DORIS, CESR, and VEPP-4 . The main part of the bottomonium family has been observed, their masses and main decay modes have been measured. The list of experiments with the largest integrated luminosity is shown in Table 1. However, the accuracy of the measured parameters of the bottomonium family is not very high, preventing from the precise comparison between the data and different model predictions for the mass spectrum, decay rates, and dynamics of transitions. Moreover, some predicted states (ηb(2S), ηb(1S), hb(1P )) have not yet been observed or are not well established. Thus, new experiments are necessary which will provide complete information about all states below the open flavor threshold. Unfortunately, scans of the Υ(1S), Υ(2S), Υ(3S) are not foreseen at asymmetric B-factory experiments. Of course, it can be done in a traditional way by CLEOIII but that will decrease the total integrated luminosity which is expected to be collected by CLEO-III at Υ(4S). That is why we consider a possibility to perform Υ-spectroscopy studies at the Υ(4S) energy using the emission of a hard photon by the electron or the positron. This process is well known, it changes the value of the
منابع مشابه
Detection of Ultraweak Photon Emission (UPE) from Cells as a Tool for Pathological Studies
Objective: It is well-known that all living cells emit ultra-weak photon emission (UPE), which is due to byproducts of chemical reactions in cell metabolisms. It has been shown that Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in the cells enhances the UPE intensity. The magnitude of such UPE is extremely weak (i.e. a few to 103 photons/ (sec.cm2)), and the detection of such ultra-weak signals is hardly possi...
متن کاملNeural Imaging Using Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes
Introduction: This paper analyses the ability of single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) for neural imaging. The current trend in the production of SPADs moves toward the minimumdark count rate (DCR) and maximum photon detection probability (PDP). Moreover, the jitter response which is the main measurement characteristic for the timing uncertainty is progressing. Methods: The neural imaging pro...
متن کاملMonte Carlo Study of the Effect of Backscatter Materail Thickness on 99mTc Source Response in Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography
Introduction SPECT projections are contaminated by scatter radiation, resulting in reduced image contrast and quantitative errors. Backscatter constitutes a major part of the scatter contamination in lower energy windows. The current study is an evaluation of the effect of backscatter material on FWHM and image quality investigated by Monte Carlo simulation. Materials and Methods SIMIND program...
متن کاملUtilization of an optimum low-pass filter during filtered back-projection in the reconstruction of single photon emission computed tomography images of small structures
Introduction:Low-pass filters eliminate noise, and accordingly improve the quality of filtered back-projection (FBP) in the reconstruction of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images. This study aimed at selection of an optimum low-pass filter for FBP reconstruction of SPECT images of small structures. Material and Methods:Sp...
متن کاملBrain Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Scan (SPECT) and Functional MRI in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients with Cognitive Dysfunction: A Systematic Review
Objective(s): Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with a wide range of clinical manifestations. Cognitive dysfunction is one of the manifestations that could present prior to the emergence of any other neuropsychiatric involvements in SLE. Cognitive dysfunction is a subtle condition occurring with ahigh frequency. However, there is no data on the correlation of cognitive...
متن کاملPrediction of Changes in Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction after Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery by Myocardial Perfusion Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography
Introduction: Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is considered to be the single most important prognostic factor in patients with previous myocardial infarction. LVEF is not improved in all patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This study aimed to assess the possibility of prediction of LVEF changes after CABG using myocardial perfusion gated signle photon emission compu...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1999